Become a member

Why should you incorporate your historic garden to the ERHG?

In general, access to and/or use of the Portal does not require prior registration of users, although the European Route of Historic Gardens Association may collect personal data and information from users in various forms of the Portal in order to register them in order to access certain content or services.
The data provided by Users will be incorporated into an automated file owned by the company (hereinafter, the 'File Manager'), whose treatment will comply with the provisions of Law 15/1999 of 13 December on the Protection of Personal Data and its implementing regulations.
In each of the forms in which personal data is collected, the User will receive from the File Manager detailed information on the processing, its purpose, the use of their data, the mandatory or optional nature of their responses, the consequences of refusal to provide them and, in general, all the mentions required by the applicable legislation on the protection of personal data, which, in any case, must be expressly accepted by the user. The user may exercise the rights of access, rectification, cancellation and opposition, with respect to their personal data, by writing to the address located at <a href="mailto:info@europeanhistoricgardens.eu">info@europeanhistoricgardens.eu</a> indicating the reference.
<h3>Data protection</h3>
Users who provide their personal data, give their express consent for them to be communicated for the same purpose for which they were collected by the File Manager. The Responsible for the File undertakes to treat the personal data of Users in accordance with the provisions of the applicable regulations and, in particular, to treat confidentially the personal data of the User to which it has access as a result of the use of the Portal. However, the File Manager may disclose personal data and any other user information when required to do so by public authorities in the exercise of the functions legitimately attributed to them and in accordance with the applicable provisions.
All information provided by the user must be truthful. The user undertakes to keep the data provided to the File Manager duly updated, being responsible for the lack of truthfulness, inaccuracy, lack of validity and authenticity of the data provided. Notwithstanding the foregoing, it is noted that the Regulation of development of the Organic Law 15/1999, of December 13 for the protection of personal data, is not applicable to the processing of data relating to legal persons, nor to files that are limited to incorporate the data of natural persons who provide their services in those, consisting only of their name and surname, functions or positions performed in the company, or to the data of the person who provides services in the company, consisting only of their name and surname, functions or positions performed in the company, or the data of the person who provides services in the company.
The European Route of Historic Gardens Association respects the privacy of your data and will not pass them on to third parties, in accordance with the following rules of our data privacy policy:
Anonymous browsing through the web pages. the European Route of Historic Gardens Association, the company that owns the website, only obtains and keeps the following information about visitors to our website: a) the domain name of the provider (ISP) that gives them access to the network. For example, a user of the provider XXX will only be identified with the domain <a href="http://xxx.es/">xxx.es</a>. In this way we can compile statistics on the countries and servers that visit our website most often. The date and time of access to our website. This allows us to find out the hours of more affluence, and to make the precise adjustments to avoid saturation problems in our peak hours. The Internet address from which the link to our website was sent. Thanks to this data, we can know the effectiveness of the different banners and links that point to our server, in order to promote those that offer better results. The number of daily visitors to each section. This allows us to know the most successful areas and increase and improve their content, so that users get a more satisfactory result. The information obtained is completely anonymous, and in no case can be associated to a specific and identified user. In accordance with the L.O. 15/1999 and Law 34/2002, the European Route of Historical Gardens Association (IEJH) informs you that the personal data provided voluntarily will be included in an automated file of the Association.
The ERHG Association does not sell, rent or make available to third parties the personal data provided by users of the website. This information will not be used for direct marketing actions, unless we have informed you in advance of this possibility and you have given us your express consent.
The ERHG Association guarantees the rights of access, rectification and cancellation of the data, which can be exercised by the interested parties by contacting its address:
<h5>European Route of Historic Gardens Association</h5>
G-55267553 Lloret de Mar Town Hall Plaça de la Vila s/n 117310 Lloret de Mar (Girona)

Data Protection Policy

The European Route of Historic Gardens

Alhambra and Generalife Gardens

Access for disabled persons

Activities for the public

Associated museum

Audio-Guides

Awards

Parking for buses

Parking for cars

Contact information

Design

Didactic workshops

Access

Garden coordinates

Style of historic garden

Type of historic garden

Guided visits

Header image

Interpretation centre

Location

Location text

Pet access

Visitors reception centre

Restaurant / Coffee-Bar

Size

Souvenirs shop

Tickets

Timetables

Unesco

General Information

Dehesa of Generalife Periurban Park.

Natural Environment

<h3>12th – 13rd Century</h3>
The Arabs respected Roman cities and roads by expanding them and adding new foundations. In the 9th century there are mentions of constructions on the hill of Sabika, where the Alhambra will rise later, although it is believed that in Roman times and even before there was some buildings. After the civil war in the Caliphate of Córdoba (1031), the capital of the until then province of Granada moves from Elvira to Granada, with the kingdom of Granada’s Taifa of the Ziríes. They establish their court in the Alcazaba Cadima or Old, located in the Albaicín neighborhood.
In its foothills there was an important population center, mainly Jewish, around which the development of the city of Granada takes place. Prime Minister Samuel ibnNagrella, rebuilds the abandoned buildings of the Sabika Hill and installs his Palace.
In the 12th century, the successive waves of Almorávides and Almohades cause in Granada several fights that have as their scenario the Albaicín Alcazaba and the constructions that existed on the Sabika hill. This one served as a refuge for local Andalusian supporters as well as others to North African invaders.
<h3>13th – 15th Century</h3>
Al-Ahmar, founder of the Nasrid Dynasty, settles in 1238 in the Albaicín Old Alcazaba. The ruins of the Alhambra hill caught his attention and he decides to start his reconstruction and install the seat of the court, starting the building of the Alhambra that we know today.
The Alhambra was a palace, citadel and fortress, residence of the Nasrid sultans and high officials, servants of the court and elite soldiers. It reaches its splendor in the second half of the 14th century, coinciding with the sultanates of Yusuf I (1333-1354) and the second reign of Muhammad V (1362-1391).
Granada, capital of the Nasrid kingdom, is gradually receiving Muslim populations because of the advance of the Christian conquest. The city is growing, changing, creating new neighborhoods and expanding the fences and walls practically until its conquest at the end of the 15th century.
<h3>16th – 18th Century</h3>
After 1492, the Alhambra was established as a Royal House with exempt jurisdiction in charge of the Count of Tendilla. The Catholic Monarchs ordered intense reparations using mostly Moorish artisans.
In 1526, Emperor Charles V decides to build the palace that bears his name, along with other very significant constructions with Roman Renaissance taste. The Austrian house continued from Philip II (1556-1598) and his successors in charge of the conservation of the Alhambra, admired by humanists and artists such as Andrea Navaggiero (1524), Venice’s ambassador to the Court of Charles V.
In the first decades of the 18th century, Felipe V (1700-1746) dispossessed the Marquis of Mondéjar, heir to the Count of Tendilla, beginning a stage of abandonment practically until the reign of Carlos IV (1788-1808).
<h3>19th Century until today</h3>
The Napoleonic occupation was a negative episode for the Alhambra, due to the blasting produced in 1812, when the French army retired. Only the courage of a Spanish soldier prevented its almost total destruction.
To a stage of vindications about the state of the monument, actively seconded by Washington Irving (1783-1859), is added a growing interest of society for the gardens of the Alhambra and orientalism that evokes in the romantic imaginary, very well reflected in the plastic arts of the moment.
After the revolution of 1868, the Alhambra is detached from the Crown and passes into the domain of the State, declaring itself in 1870 as a “national monument”.
In the early 20th century, the care of the Alhambra is entrusted to a Commission (1905), replaced in 1913 by a Board of Trustees that in 1915 becomes dependent on the General Directorate of Fine Arts. In 1944, a new Board of Trustees is created and maintained until the functions and services of the State in matters of culture are transfered to the Autonomous Region of Andalusia.

Historical background

As an inseparable part of the Alhambra and Generalife palaces and enclosures, the gardens and cultivated spaces, elements of adornment, perfection, symbolism, follow each other in every corner of the monument, providing a transcendent component, in the territory and in time, to the landscape of this place.
The trace that the passage of the centuries has left in the Red Hill has multiplied and enriched the variety of the gardens with diverse forms and gardener tastes, at the same time a reflection of epochs and different sensibilities.
<h3>The medieval gardens</h3>
The medieval gardens, created in the Nasrid stage, are the ones with the greatest fame and importance, due to their remote origin, the refined character with which they integrate the vegetation, the water and the buildings that frame them, and because of the close relationship they awoke in their conception with the desired Quranic paradise. Thus the Alhambra has medieval gardens (Patio Arrayanes, Lions and Patio de la Acequia), Renaissance XVI – XVII (patios of the Reja or Lindaraja, modified this one in the 19th century), from the 17th century (Garden of the Adarves, in the Alcazaba), 19th century (from the XIX High Gardens of the Generalife) and Contemporary Gardens of the 20th century (Jardines del Partal and Nuevos del Generalife) or even 21st century (Theater environment).
<h3>Vegetation</h3>
Among those used in medieval times, showy flower plants acquire a special and habitual presence in the Hispanic-Islamic gardens, many of them also fragrant, such as roses (Rosa sp.), Carnations (Dianthussp.), Violets (Viola odorata ), wallflower (Erysimumcheiri and Mathiolaincana), lilies (Iris germanica), oleanders (Neriumoleander) or water lilies (Nymphaea alba).
Other plants lacking flowers were selected exclusively for their aroma, such as basil (Ocimumbasilicum), oregano (Origanumsp.), Melissa (Melissa officinalis), mints (Menthasp.), Thyme (Thymussp.), Rosemary ( Rosmarinusofficinalis) or lavender (Lavandulasp.). Among them, jasmine (Jasminumsp.), Citrus fruits (Citrus sp.), or cypresses (Cupressussempervirens) played a leading role in the medieval Islamic gardening tradition.
The vegetation of the Monument has been modified over the centuries, not only in terms of the number and variety of species, but also in terms of cultivation and maintenance techniques and styles. To the traditionally used species in the Nasrid era, such as wallflower, lily, jasmine, cypress, bitter orange or lily; many others from different regions and continents have been incorporated and are now considered fully rooted in Granada’s gardening, such as boxwood, macassar, geranium, aspidistra, wisteria or pitimini rose.
<h3>The myrtle</h3>
Among all of them, if any species could represent these gardens, the myrtle would be the chosen one without a doubt. This shrub, considered in the Arab world as a plant with “báraka” (with blessing, hidden and invisible), of dense and fragrant foliage, used as an isolated specimen and trimmed in hedges, has been used at all times and in almost all Alhambra gardens.
The name comes from the Arabic al-rayhan, “the aromatic one”, due to the smell that its leaves give off when rubbed, due to its fine texture, its relatively rapid growth, its delicate and scented whitish flowers, and its ability to accept pruning for the formation of hedges and other topiary forms (the art of the Topiaria is a gardening practice that consists of giving artistic forms to the plants by trimming with pruning shears).

Description

The Alhambra Museum occupies the south wing of the ground floor of the Carlos V Palace. It is distributed in seven rooms, the first one with thematic content and the rest in chronological order.
<h3>The best existing collection of Hispano-Muslim art</h3>
From the first moments the Alhambra palaces were inhabited by the Catholic Monarchs, the remaining trousseau was protected, reused and enjoyed in the new Court. Over the centuries, preserved architectural objects and remains were arranged decorating the rooms and were also stored in different spaces of the Precinct. Subsequently, those findings from the excavations carried out in the Alhambra were gathered for conservation.
The number and quality of the Alhambra Museum Funds makes it the best existing collection of Hispano-Muslim art and especially Nazari Art.
The Archaeological Museum of the Alhambra was created in 1940, in 1962 it was renamed the National Museum of Spanish-Muslim Art and since 1994 it was attached to the Board of the Alhambra and the Generalife, with the name of the Alhambra Museum.

Museum

Assemblage of Gardens from Middle Age, Renaissance, XIX Century and XX-XXI Centuries.

Observations

General

© Emigus-PSML

© PSML

Park of Montserrate

Lloret de Mar Town Council

Aranjuez Real Sitio y Villa

Aranjuez Cultural Landscape Foundation

Ayuntamiento de Orihuela

Junta de Castill y Leon

Ayuntamiento de Bejar

Consell de Mallorca

Museum of King Jan III’s Palace at Wilanów

Villa Bardini

Parc Samà

Storico Giardino Garzoni Collodi

Royal Palace of Gödöllő

José do Canto Botanical Garden

Zugdidi Botanical Garden

Van Buuren Museum & Garden

Giardino di Boboli

Villae Tivoli

Museo Storico e il Parco del Castello di Miramare

Hungarian garden heritage foundation

Mainau

Gardens of the Royal Castle in Warsaw

Herrenhauser Gardens

Reggia di Caserta

Direzione regionale musei della Toscana

Patronato de la Alhambra y Generalife

Municipal Park of Naoussa

Natural Agency for Cultural Heritage Preservation Georgia

National Garden

Xunta de Galicia

Galicia

Sofievka

National Museum in Warsaw

Our members

© Luis Duarte-PSML

© Nuno Oliveira-PSM

Park of Pena

Jardins do Palácio Nacional Queluz

Paisaje Cultural de Aranjuez

Parc Samà, Cambrils (Spain)

Finca Raixa

Santa Clotilde Gardens

Serralves Park, Porto (Portugal)

Serralves Park

Batumi Botanical Garden

National Botanical Garden of Georgia

Tsinandali Alexander Chavchavadze Museum and Garden

Herrenhausen Gardens

Historical Museum & Park of Miramare Castle

Reggia Di Caserta

Villa d’Este

Boboli Gardens 

Historic Garzoni Garden

Gardens of the Royal Castle in Warsaw, (Poland)

Gardens Of The Royal Castle In Warsaw

Mainau Island

Van Buuren Gardens

Sofievka Park, Uman (Ukraine)

Sofievka Park

Municipal Park of Naoussa - Lake

Municipal Park of Naoussa - Flower beds

Municipal Park of Naoussa - Park from above

Municipal Park of Naoussa - Spring

Municipal Park of Naoussa Balcony

Municipal Park of Naoussa - Pebble pave

Municipal Park of Naoussa - Statue heroes

Municipal Park of Naoussa - Natural stone faucet

Municipal Park of Naoussa - Winter

Municipal Park of Naoussa - Main entrance

Municipal Park of Naoussa Folklore boules dancing

Municipal Park of Naoussa - Historic busts

Municipal Park of Naoussa - General city view and park

National Gardens of Athens

Esterházy Palace

Kamieniec Palace

Home

Palace garden in Nieborów, aerial view of the palace and the forecourt, Sylwester Cichal,

Palace garden in Nieborów, aerial view of the linden alley and the regular garden, Sylwester Cichal

Palace garden in Nieborów, boxwood mazes, Sylwester Cichal

Palace garden in Nieborów, Monika Antczak

Palace garden in Nieborów, aerial view of the linden alley, Sylwester Cichal

Palace garden in Nieborów, the linden alley, Dariusz Piwowarski

Hornbeam espalier in the garden in Nieborów, Monika Bajkowska

Palace and garden complex in Nieborów, Dariusz Bógdał

Palace garden in Nieborów, view of the palace from the linden alley, Sylwester Cichal

Palace garden in Nieborów, ornamental parterres, Sylwester Cichal

Palace garden in Nieborów, ornamental parterres and boxwood mazes, Sylwester Cichal

Old orangery in Nieborów, aerial view, Dariusz Bógdał

Old orangery in Nieborów, Dariusz Piwowarski

Garden cabinets in the regular garden in Nieborów, Katarzyna Piotrowska

Kitchen garden in Nieborów, Katarzyna Piotrowska

Vineyard in the kitchen garden in Nieborów, Agnieszka Chmielewska

Linden alley in Nieborów, Monika Antczak

Garden cabinet with the eagle column, garden in Nieborów, Dariusz Piwowarski

Garden canal in Nieborów, Monika Antczak

Alley by the canal in Nieborów, Monika Antczak,

Canal in the garden in Nieborów, Monika Bajkowsk

Plane trees in the palace garden in Nieborów, Xenia Modrzejewska-Mrozowska

Old orchard in Nieborów, Katarzyna Żak-Zatorska

Orchard in winter, Nieborów, Sylwester Borusiak vel Boruta

Exhibition: conservation works in the Nieborów palace garden, Sylwester Cichal

Nieborów palace garden

Palace Garden in Nieborów

Burgrave’s House in Arkadia, Monika Antczak

 Temple of Diana in Arkadia, view across the pond, Włodzimierz Pietrzyk

Greek Arc in Arkadia, Sylwia Salamądra

Gothic House in Arkadia, Dariusz Piwowarski

Sentimental garden in Arkadia, aerial view, Dariusz Bógdał

Sphinx sculpture by the Temple of Diana in Arkadia, Włodzimierz Pietrzyk

Sentimental Park in Arcadia

High Priest’s Shrine in Arkadia, Xenia Modrzejewska-Mrozowska

Gothic House and the Sybil’s Grotto in Arkadia, Dariusz Piwowarski

Temple of Diana in Arkadia, aerial view, Dariusz Bógdał

Aqueduct in Arkadia, Monika Antczak

Greek Arc in Arkadia, Dariusz Piwowarski

Tomb on Poplar Island in Arkadia, Sylwester Cichal

Pond in Arkadia, Xenia Modrzejewska-Mrozowska

Pond with an island in Arkadia, Dariusz Piwowarski

Sheep in Arkadia, Monika Antczak

Sentimental Park in Arkadia

Soutomaior Castle

Alameda Park

Pazo de Lourizán

Pazo de Mariñán

Pazo de Oca

Pazo de Rubianes

Pazo de Santa Cruz de Rivadulla

Manoir de Santa Cruz de Rivadulla

Pazo Quinteiro da Cruz 

Pazo Quiñones de León

LABPACT-SERP / Universitat de Barcelona

Eduard Petzold European Centre for Garden Art

AJH Associaçao Portuguesa dos Jardins Históricos

Cracow University of Technology Landscape Architecture Institute

Universidad de Girona Campus Patrimoni Cultural i Natural Parc Científic i Tecnològic 