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<h5>European Route of Historic Gardens Association</h5>
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The European Route of Historic Gardens

Pazo de Santa Cruz de Rivadulla

Manoir de Santa Cruz de Rivadulla

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Parking for buses

Parking for cars

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Unesco

General information 

The pazo de Santa Cruz de Rivadulla, also known as Pazo de Ortigueira or “Granja de Ortigueira”, is located under the protection of the Pico Sacro, on the Coruña bank of the river Ulla, in the municipality of Vedra, which is part of the region natural of Ulla, located between the provinces of A Coruña and Pontevedra. Very close to the Rías Baixas and 20 kilometers from the capital of Galicia: Santiago de Compostela.
<h3>Rías Baixas Designation of Origin</h3>
An eminently rural area where small land dedicated to the cultivation of agricultural products predominate along with plots for raising livestock, especially cattle. In this natural landscape, in which you breathe peace and tranquillity, the cultivation of the vine is also a protagonist, since 2000 it has been part of the Rías Baixas Designation of Origin, being one of the five sub-areas of production in Galicia.
<h3>Vía de la Plata</h3>
Through these lands passes the Vía de la Plata, one of the roads of Santiago, which led the pilgrims from the south of the Iberian Peninsula to the tomb of the Apostle Santiago, which makes it an area rich in legends and traditions.
The mild climate and a green landscape dotted with churches, monasteries, chapels, pazos or crosses invite us to know the region, classified as wine and camellias.

Natural environment

Its history dates back to the 16th century, when the canon of the Cathedral of Santiago, Juan Ibáñez de Mondragón, acquired the properties that would become the Pazo de Santa Cruz, known at the time as the Tower and the Casar de Ortigueira, and later his nephew the cardinal, -dignity of the cathedral of Santiago- Juan de Mondragón, extended the property. The church was built, the buildings were arranged and the skeleton of what is now the possession with olive and vine plantations was drawn. The fountains, the ponds, the waterfall, the house, the church, the horreo (granary) and the rest of the buildings are some of its attractions.
It was in the seventeenth century when Andrés Ibáñez de Modragón commissioned some works to be carried out on the pre-existing buildings. He hired the services of Domingo de Andrade for the design. During this period the monumental fountain designed by the architect Diego de Romay was also built.
In the 19th century the Corralón, the greenhouse was built and, above all, the collection of plants increased considerably. Subsequently, successive improvements and reforms have been produced that have given the pazo its current structure and appearance.

Pazo de Rubianes 

Historical background

The Santa Cruz de Rivadulla garden is, for many, the most fascinating botanical space in Galicia for its extraordinary diversity and richness in ornamental flora, as well as for its botanical and landscape value, more than half a million plants of 400 different species.
In the second half of the 16th century the enclosure was walled up and the property was divided internally. Avenues and walkways were formed to separate the different cultivation plots and facilitate access to them. The entire monumental complex has a scale of layout, forming a single, rational and orthogonal whole, which suggests Renaissance influences.
The complex, made up of more than five hundred olive trees that flank the avenues and that we see today, is the result of an original idea that was undertaken for the first time in Galicia.
<h3>Camellias</h3>
In the 19th century, Iván Armada and Fernández de Córdoba (1845-1899), known as “El Tío Iván”, considerably increased the collection of plants, especially camellias. The first citations about his plantations date back to the period between 1875-1899 and are reflected in his notebooks.
In these, "Uncle Ivan" relates that he planted several specimens of camellia next to others that were already growing in the garden. At that time, they were already 7 meters high. Therefore, it can be concluded that these "old camellias" were planted years ago, probably from 1780 to 1820. Others were planted before 1850, and those planted by "Uncle Ivan" from 1875 onwards.
<h3>Monumental trees</h3>
From a botanical point of view, the most important thing about the property is the set of monumental trees that it brings together, among which we can highlight: the walks of camellias (Camellia), olive trees (Olea europaea), boxwood (Buxus sempervirens), gigantic magnolias (Magnolia grandiflora), Australian fern (Dicksonia antarctica), Cryptomeria (Cryptomeria japonica), Virginia tulip trees (Liriodendron tulipifera), ombu (Phytolacca dioica), Pyramidal oak (Quercus robur var. Fastigiata), Washingtonia palms (Washingtonia robusta), as well as an orange tree reminiscent of old farm citrus groves.
<h3>Fountain of Jovellanos</h3>
One of the places most steeped in history is the Fountain of Jovellanos, in memory of the writer, jurist and enlightened politician, who would end here and sign the "Appendices and notes to the Memory in defense of the Central Board" in 1811. The Main Race leads us home and along the way we leave boxwoods, camellia walks or large magnolia trees.
The tour of the garden will take us through:

The garden of the Round Pond that was drawn and planted in the 19th century, is due to "Uncle Ivan" advised by a French gardener, Grampon. The greenhouse, azaleas, gardenias, camellias, magnolias, bamboo and the tree fern are located in this area, making up a botanical complex of great importance.

Garden of the Round Pond

The Race of the Boxes and the Big Pond is the darkest area of ​​the park where the cork oaks, the oaks and the tulip trees of Virginia stand out. Box trees, camellias, azaleas and gardenias constitute the vegetation.

Big Pond

In the cascade you can see the waterfall of the Pena Gateira torrent, being a natural spectacle in winter.

Waterfall

Description

<ul>
<li>16th century In the 16th century, the properties that would become the Pazo de Santa Cruz were acquired, the chapel was built, the buildings were arranged and the skeleton of what is today the possession was drawn. In the second half of the 16th century, the enclosure was walled up and the property was divided internally into three main areas: mountainous land, land for crops and a reserved land next to the house, where the orchard and gardens were formed. Avenues and walkways were formed to separate the different cultivation plots and facilitate access to them. The entire monumental complex has a scale of layout that suggests Renaissance influences. The cultivation of olive trees was used to produce oil, and for this reason the Farm was equipped with a mill with a granite wheel and a beam press - in the Roman way - which was preserved until not many years ago. Oil production lasted until the 20th century. Another main crop was vineyards. With these the appreciated Ulla wine was made - white and red. For this, the winery had four presses, beam presses and granite counterweights. The wine was kept in the cellar where the oak and chestnut barrels were placed. The cultivation of the vine already existing in the original complex was incorporated into the new layout of the plots, adding some trellises with important carved granite columns, around the winery and the walls.</li>
<li>19th century In the 19th century,  the collection of plants, especially camellias, was considerably increased. It currently has a nursery, Ortigueira S.A., specialized in the sale of plants to wholesalers, landscapers, garden designers and landscapers.</li>
</ul>

Chronology

General

© Emigus-PSML

© PSML

Park of Montserrate

Lloret de Mar Town Council

Aranjuez Real Sitio y Villa

Aranjuez Cultural Landscape Foundation

Ayuntamiento de Orihuela

Junta de Castill y Leon

Ayuntamiento de Bejar

Consell de Mallorca

Museum of King Jan III’s Palace at Wilanów

Villa Bardini

Parc Samà

Storico Giardino Garzoni Collodi

Royal Palace of Gödöllő

José do Canto Botanical Garden

Zugdidi Botanical Garden

Van Buuren Museum & Garden

Giardino di Boboli

Villae Tivoli

Museo Storico e il Parco del Castello di Miramare

Hungarian garden heritage foundation

Mainau

Gardens of the Royal Castle in Warsaw

Herrenhauser Gardens

Reggia di Caserta

Direzione regionale musei della Toscana

Patronato de la Alhambra y Generalife

Municipal Park of Naoussa

Natural Agency for Cultural Heritage Preservation Georgia

National Garden

Xunta de Galicia

Galicia

Sofievka

National Museum in Warsaw

Our members

© Luis Duarte-PSML

© Nuno Oliveira-PSM

Park of Pena

Jardins do Palácio Nacional Queluz

Paisaje Cultural de Aranjuez

Parc Samà, Cambrils (Spain)

Finca Raixa

Alhambra and Generalife Gardens

Santa Clotilde Gardens

Serralves Park, Porto (Portugal)

Serralves Park

Batumi Botanical Garden

National Botanical Garden of Georgia

Tsinandali Alexander Chavchavadze Museum and Garden

Herrenhausen Gardens

Historical Museum & Park of Miramare Castle

Reggia Di Caserta

Villa d’Este

Boboli Gardens 

Historic Garzoni Garden

Gardens of the Royal Castle in Warsaw, (Poland)

Gardens Of The Royal Castle In Warsaw

Mainau Island

Van Buuren Gardens

Sofievka Park, Uman (Ukraine)

Sofievka Park

Municipal Park of Naoussa - Lake

Municipal Park of Naoussa - Flower beds

Municipal Park of Naoussa - Park from above

Municipal Park of Naoussa - Spring

Municipal Park of Naoussa Balcony

Municipal Park of Naoussa - Pebble pave

Municipal Park of Naoussa - Statue heroes

Municipal Park of Naoussa - Natural stone faucet

Municipal Park of Naoussa - Winter

Municipal Park of Naoussa - Main entrance

Municipal Park of Naoussa Folklore boules dancing

Municipal Park of Naoussa - Historic busts

Municipal Park of Naoussa - General city view and park

National Gardens of Athens

Esterházy Palace

Kamieniec Palace

Home

Palace garden in Nieborów, aerial view of the palace and the forecourt, Sylwester Cichal,

Palace garden in Nieborów, aerial view of the linden alley and the regular garden, Sylwester Cichal

Palace garden in Nieborów, boxwood mazes, Sylwester Cichal

Palace garden in Nieborów, Monika Antczak

Palace garden in Nieborów, aerial view of the linden alley, Sylwester Cichal

Palace garden in Nieborów, the linden alley, Dariusz Piwowarski

Hornbeam espalier in the garden in Nieborów, Monika Bajkowska

Palace and garden complex in Nieborów, Dariusz Bógdał

Palace garden in Nieborów, view of the palace from the linden alley, Sylwester Cichal

Palace garden in Nieborów, ornamental parterres, Sylwester Cichal

Palace garden in Nieborów, ornamental parterres and boxwood mazes, Sylwester Cichal

Old orangery in Nieborów, aerial view, Dariusz Bógdał

Old orangery in Nieborów, Dariusz Piwowarski

Garden cabinets in the regular garden in Nieborów, Katarzyna Piotrowska

Kitchen garden in Nieborów, Katarzyna Piotrowska

Vineyard in the kitchen garden in Nieborów, Agnieszka Chmielewska

Linden alley in Nieborów, Monika Antczak

Garden cabinet with the eagle column, garden in Nieborów, Dariusz Piwowarski

Garden canal in Nieborów, Monika Antczak

Alley by the canal in Nieborów, Monika Antczak,

Canal in the garden in Nieborów, Monika Bajkowsk

Plane trees in the palace garden in Nieborów, Xenia Modrzejewska-Mrozowska

Old orchard in Nieborów, Katarzyna Żak-Zatorska

Orchard in winter, Nieborów, Sylwester Borusiak vel Boruta

Exhibition: conservation works in the Nieborów palace garden, Sylwester Cichal

Nieborów palace garden

Palace Garden in Nieborów

Burgrave’s House in Arkadia, Monika Antczak

 Temple of Diana in Arkadia, view across the pond, Włodzimierz Pietrzyk

Greek Arc in Arkadia, Sylwia Salamądra

Gothic House in Arkadia, Dariusz Piwowarski

Sentimental garden in Arkadia, aerial view, Dariusz Bógdał

Sphinx sculpture by the Temple of Diana in Arkadia, Włodzimierz Pietrzyk

Sentimental Park in Arcadia

High Priest’s Shrine in Arkadia, Xenia Modrzejewska-Mrozowska

Gothic House and the Sybil’s Grotto in Arkadia, Dariusz Piwowarski

Temple of Diana in Arkadia, aerial view, Dariusz Bógdał

Aqueduct in Arkadia, Monika Antczak

Greek Arc in Arkadia, Dariusz Piwowarski

Tomb on Poplar Island in Arkadia, Sylwester Cichal

Pond in Arkadia, Xenia Modrzejewska-Mrozowska

Pond with an island in Arkadia, Dariusz Piwowarski

Sheep in Arkadia, Monika Antczak

Sentimental Park in Arkadia

Soutomaior Castle

Alameda Park

Pazo de Lourizán

Pazo de Mariñán

Pazo de Oca

Pazo de Rubianes

Pazo Quinteiro da Cruz 

Pazo Quiñones de León

LABPACT-SERP / Universitat de Barcelona

Eduard Petzold European Centre for Garden Art

AJH Associaçao Portuguesa dos Jardins Históricos

Cracow University of Technology Landscape Architecture Institute

Universidad de Girona Campus Patrimoni Cultural i Natural Parc Científic i Tecnològic 